How Did the Average Life Expectancy Change Between 1850 and 2015

question 34

Multiple Choice

How did the average life expectancy change between 1850 and 2015?

• A) Life expectancy decreased by 10 years.
• B) Life expectancy increased by 10 years.
• C) Life expectancy nearly doubled in length.
• D) Life expectancy nearly tripled in length.

---

Definitions:

Reinforcement

In behavioral psychology, a process that increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated, which can be positive (adding a desirable stimulus) or negative (removing an aversive stimulus).

Operant Conditioning

A learning process in which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.

Classical Conditioning

A learning technique in which ongoing association between two stimuli eventually leads to a response initially induced by the second stimulus being induced by the first stimulus alone.

Expectations

Beliefs or forecasts about future events or behaviors that can influence one's psychological and behavioral responses.