Protecting Our Self-Esteem by Creating Excuses in Situations That We

question 45

Multiple Choice

Protecting our self-esteem by creating excuses in situations that we expect to do poorly in is called

• A) self-defeating ambivalence.
• B) the primacy effect.
• C) the discounting principle.
• D) self-handicapping strategy.

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Definitions:

Reactance Theory

A psychological theory suggesting that people act to preserve their freedoms when they feel they are being threatened or eliminated.

Action Identification Theory

A psychological theory that examines how individuals understand and conceptualize their actions, ranging from low-level details to high-level purposes.

Possible Losses

Potential negative outcomes or detriments that could occur as a result of a decision or action.

Possible Gains

Refers to the potential benefits or positive outcomes that might be achieved in a certain situation.