In a 1972 Study, Bransford and Johnson Read an Abstract

question 7

Multiple Choice

In a 1972 study, Bransford and Johnson read an abstract passage aloud to participants who then had to recall as much information as possible. Some participants were also shown a picture that was described by the passage either before or after they heard the passage read. The results of this study demonstrated that memory is better when the information:

• A) can be interpreted in the context of things one already knows.
• B) is presented multiple times.
• C) is presented as a verbal description rather than as a picture.
• D) is presented as a picture rather than as a verbal description.

---

Definitions:

Nonprofits Collaborate

The process by which nonprofit organizations work together towards common goals, often to maximize resources, share expertise, and amplify impact.

High Levels

Situations, qualities, or conditions that are significantly above the average or expected standards.

Prosperity

A state of being successful, especially in financial terms, marked by flourishing conditions and/or wealth.

Acceptance Theory

Suggests that the effectiveness of leadership or management depends on the consent and support of followers or workers.