John Meyer and Brian Rowan's Research Outlining the Informal Networks

question 79

Multiple Choice

John Meyer and Brian Rowan's research outlining the informal networks that exist in all bureaucracies adds to Weber's ideal type of bureaucracy by showing that informal relations

• A) are limited only to government agencies.
• B) are the "unofficial ways" that bureaucracies are run.
• C) allow bureaucratic officials to ignore standard operating procedures without the risk of punishment.
• D) are more important than the formal rules governing the organization.

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Definitions:

Stigma

A mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person, leading to discrimination or exclusion.

Racial Categories

Classifications of humans into groups based on physical traits, ancestry, genetics, or social relations, often constructed socially and varying significantly across different cultures and historical periods.

Fluidity

The quality of being adaptable or variable, often used in the context of gender, identity, or social structures.

Self-identifying

The process by which an individual defines their own identity or affiliations without necessarily conforming to externally imposed categories.