RESEARCH STUDY 10

question 25

Essay

RESEARCH STUDY 10.3: Dr.Phillips is a cognitive-developmental psychologist who studies how children learn mathematical principles.His current interest is in studying how children learn multiplication.He recruits 54 second-graders who have not yet learned how to multiply numbers to participate in his study.He is curious as to whether different teaching styles lead to better mastery of the subject.One condition (A) involves having students read a chapter on multiplication from their textbook.One condition (B) involves having students watch a video of cartoon characters explaining multiplication.One condition (C) involves having students being taught multiplication by a teacher.One condition (D) involves having students being taught multiplication by a fourth-grader.In all conditions, participants spend 30 minutes learning the fundamentals of multiplication and are then given the same 15-question multiplication test.The number of questions answered correctly is recorded.The data are below. Explain why Dr.Phillips cannot conduct a within-groups design.

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Definitions:

Cost-Benefit

A comparison that assesses the relative advantages and disadvantages of certain decisions, actions, or policies in terms of both their costs and their benefits.

SWOT

An acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats; a strategic planning tool used to identify and analyze key factors affecting an organization.

Belmont Report

A foundational document in the ethics of healthcare and research, establishing ethical principles for protecting human subjects.

Autonomy

The capacity of an individual to make an informed, uncoerced decision.