A Vertical Tube That Is Closed at the Upper End

question 27

Essay

A vertical tube that is closed at the upper end and open at the lower end contains an air pocket. The open end of the tube is under the water of a lake, as shown in the figure. When the lower end of the tube is just under the surface of the lake, where the temperature is 37°C and the pressure is 1.0 × 10⁵ Pa, the air pocket occupies a volume of . Suppose now that the lower end of the tube is at a depth of 86 m in the lake, where the temperature is 7.0°C. What is the volume of the air pocket under these conditions? The density of the water in the lake is 1000 kg/m³.

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Definitions:

AVE (Abstinence Violation Effect)

A psychological phenomenon in which a person experiencing a relapse into substance use feels a sense of failure and helplessness, potentially exacerbating the relapse.

Marlatt

Refers to G. Alan Marlatt, a psychologist known for his work on relapse prevention in the context of addiction and behavior change.

Lifestyle Imbalances

Disparities between different aspects of an individual's life, such as work, relationships, and health, which can lead to stress and dissatisfaction.

Coping Skills

Strategies and techniques that individuals use to manage stress, emotions, and challenges in a constructive manner.