What Was the Effect of More Than a Dozen States

question 52

Multiple Choice

What was the effect of more than a dozen states adopting a requirement that voters show a picture ID at the polls before the 2012 election?

• A) It raised the cost of participation for poor and minority voters who are more likely not to possess driver's licenses or passports.
• B) It reduced the cost of participation for wealthy White voters who are more likely to have a driver's license or a passport.
• C) It did not really have an effect because equal numbers of Republican and Democratic states adopted these new rules so the effects canceled each other out.
• D) There was no effect on the cost-benefit calculation for voters because everyone has either a driver's license or a passport.

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Definitions:

Gordon Allport

An influential psychologist known for his theory of personality and his research on prejudice and the concept of personal constructs.

Unconscious Motivations

Drives and desires operating beneath the level of conscious awareness, influencing behavior according to psychoanalytic theory.

Enduring Traits

Stable and consistent characteristics that define an individual's personality over time.

Personality

The fusion of characteristics that outline an individual's distinctive personality.