Questions Refer to Table 12-4 SOURCE TABLE -Refer to Table 12-4

question 31

Multiple Choice

Questions refer to Table 12-4. A researcher is interested in determining just how much negative interactions with strangers affect our sense of well-being. In this example, participants completed a scale of positive affect. Later, either a pleasant or unpleasant confederate is randomly assigned to interact with each participant. At the end of the experiment, participants’ positive affect is again assessed. Positive affect scores could range from 1 (low positive affect) to 15 (high positive affect) .
Table 12-4
TABLE OF MEANS:

$\begin{array}{c}\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\text { TIME POSITIVE AFFECT ASSESSED }\\\begin{array} { l l c c r } & & \text { BEFORE EXPERIMENT } & \text { AFTER EXPERIMENT } & \text { ROW M } \\ \text { Confederate } & \text { Pleasant } & 11.10 & 13.30 & 12.20 \\ \text { Demeanor } & \text { Unpleasant } & 10.60 & 3.50 & 7.05 \\ & \text { COLUMN M } & 10.85 & 8.40 & \\ & & & \text { Pop. } \mathrm { M } = 9.63 \end{array} \end{array}$

SOURCE TABLE


$\begin{array}{lcccccc}\text { SOURCE } & \text { SS } & \text { df } & \text { MS } & \text { F } & p \\\text { Between subjects effects } & & & & & & \\\quad \text { Confederate Demeanor } & 265.23 & 1 & 3705.63 & 420.43 & .000 \\\quad \text { Error } & 158.65 & 18 & 8.81 & & \\& & & & & \\\text { Within subjects effects } & & & & & & \\\quad \text { Time } & 60.03 & 1 & 60.03 & 18.14 & .000 \\\text { Confederate } x \text { Time } & 216.23 & 1 & 216.23 & 65.69 & .000\\\\\text { Error }& 59.25 & 18 & 3.29\end{array}$
-Refer to Table 12-4. The main effect for confederate demeanor ____ significant; therefore, we should conclude that

• A) is; participants felt more positive affect after interacting with a pleasant confederate versus an unpleasant confederate.
• B) is not; participants felt more positive affect after interacting with a pleasant confederate versus an unpleasant confederate.
• C) is; there are no differences in positive affect ratings as a function of interacting with a pleasant versus unpleasant confederate.
• D) is not; there are no differences in positive affect ratings as a function of interacting with a pleasant versus unpleasant confederate.

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Definitions:

Graham Wallas

A social psychologist known for his work on creativity and the thought processes involved in problem-solving.

Incubation

The period during which ideas or projects are developed quietly or privately before being revealed or launched.

Verification

The process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.

Graham Wallas

was an English social psychologist and co-founder of the London School of Economics, known for his work on the creative process and political psychology.