(A) Explain Briefly the Roles of Bicoid and Nanos Proteins

question 31

Essay

(a) Explain briefly the roles of Bicoid and Nanos proteins in determining the anterior-posterior axis of the fruit-fly embryo. (b) Explain how the Bicoid and Nanos protein gradients are established in the fruit-fly embryo. (c) Bicoid mutant embryos lack head structures and instead have structures at the anterior end of the embryo that are characteristic of the posterior end. Propose an explanation of this phenotype.

---

Definitions:

Profitability Index

The Profitability Index is a financial metric that compares the present value of future cash flows generated by a project to the initial investment, used to assess the attractiveness of an investment.

Average Accounting Return

A method of measuring an investment's profitability by comparing its average net income to its average book value.

Return on Assets

A profitability ratio that measures how efficiently a company is using its assets to generate profit, calculated by dividing net income by total assets.

Shareholder Wealth

The total value of an investment in a company's stock, encompassing capital gains and dividends received over time.