Although the Genetic Code Is Nearly Universal, Some Variations Do

question 73

Short Answer

Although the genetic code is nearly universal, some variations do exist. In vertebrate mitochondria, UGA codes for Trp (instead of termination), AUA codes for Met (instead of Ile), and AGA and AGG are stop codons (instead of coding for Arg). Translate the following coding strand DNA sequences using both the standard code and the vertebrate mitochondrial code.
a. 5' ATGGCCATAAGATGA 3'
b. 5' ATGGGGGATCGCTAA 3'
c. 5' ATGTGATGGCATCTTATAAATTGATAA 3'

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Definitions:

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior, where an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior.

Gestation

The period of development from the fertilization of an ovum until birth in pregnant mammals, including humans.

Dishabituation

The renewal of attention to a stimulus following a change, after initial habituation (or decreased response) to the same or similar stimuli.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired: a response which is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.