Which Three of the Following Are Trends Leading to Increasing

question 1

Multiple Choice

Which three of the following are trends leading to increasing middle management involvement in strategy making?

• A) Middle managers are no longer expected to implement strategy.
• B) Many organisations are decentralising their organisational structures.
• C) Middle managers have become better trained and confident in strategy.
• D) The shift from manufacturing to one based on professional services means that knowledge held by middle managers is often a source of competitive advantage.

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Definitions:

Nash Equilibrium

A concept in game theory where no player can benefit by changing their strategy while other players keep theirs unchanged.

Stackelberg Equilibrium

A strategic game theory outcome where one leader firm sets its output first, influencing the follower firms' decisions in a market.

Marginal Revenue

The additional income earned from selling one more unit of a product or service.

Profit Maximizing

The process or strategy of adjusting production and pricing to achieve the highest possible profit.