Use the Paragraph and Accompanying Figure to Answer the Following

question 32

Multiple Choice

Use the paragraph and accompanying figure to answer the following questions.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects cells that have both CD4 and CCR5 cell surface molecules. The viral nucleic acid molecules are enclosed in a protein capsid, and the protein capsid is itself contained inside an envelope consisting of a lipid bilayer membrane and viral glycoproteins. One hypothesis for viral entry into cells is that binding of HIV membrane glycoproteins to CD4 and CCR5 initiates fusion of the HIV membrane with the plasma membrane, releasing the viral capsid into the cytoplasm. An alternative hypothesis is that HIV gains entry into the cell via receptor-mediated endocytosis, and membrane fusion occurs in the endocytotic vesicle. To test these alternative hypotheses for HIV entry, researchers labeled the lipids on the HIV membrane with a red fluorescent dye.

-In an HIV-infected cell producing HIV virus particles, the viral glycoprotein is expressed on the plasma membrane. How do the viral glycoproteins get to the plasma membrane? They are synthesized ________.

• A) on ribosomes on the plasma membrane
• B) by ribosomes in the rough ER and arrive at the plasma membrane in the membrane of secretory vesicles
• C) on free cytoplasmic ribosomes and then inserted into the plasma membrane
• D) by ribosomes in the rough ER, secreted from the cell, and inserted into the plasma membrane from the outside

---

Definitions:

Activist Research

A research methodology that combines the process of inquiry with political activism and social change efforts.

Participatory Research

Participatory Research involves a collaborative approach that engages participants as active researchers in the process of inquiry, aiming to produce knowledge that directly benefits the community involved.

Immigrant Women

denotes women who have relocated from their country of origin to another country, often encountering unique social, economic, and health challenges.

Participatory Researcher

A researcher who engages with participants actively in the research process, emphasizing collaboration and the co-creation of knowledge.