Use the Following Information to Answer the Question Below

question 43

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the question below.
Martin Wikelski and L. Michael Romero (Body size, performance and fitness in Galápagos marine iguanas, Integrative and Comparative Biology 43 [2003]:376-86) measured the snout-to-vent (anus) length of Galápagos marine iguanas and observed the percent survival of different-sized animals, all of the same age. The graph shows the log snout-vent length (SVL, a measure of overall body size) plotted against the percent survival of these different size classes for males and females.

Examine the figure. What type of selection for body size appears to be occurring in these marine iguanas?

• A) directional selection
• B) stabilizing selection
• C) disruptive selection
• D) You cannot determine the type of selection from the above information.

---

Definitions:

Herfindahl-Hirschman Index

An index used to assess the concentration of market power to determine the degree of competition in a sector.

Squared Market Shares

A measure used in economics to assess the level of market concentration by squaring the market share percentages of each firm within the industry and then summing them.

Concentration

The degree of market power held by a few companies within an industry, often measured using indices like the HHI.

Economies of Scale

The reduction in per-unit cost as the volume of production increases, due to factors like specialization and bulk purchasing.