Research at Three Universities Has Confirmed That Two Basic Leader

question 2

Multiple Choice

Research at three universities has confirmed that two basic leader behaviors,_____and _____ are central to successful leadership.

• A) initiating structure; consideration
• B) initiating structure; job-centered leadership
• C) employee-centered leadership; consideration
• D) concern for production; job-centered leadership
• E) autonomous; participative

---

Definitions:

Pretax Earnings

The amount of income earned by a company before tax expenses are deducted.

Variable Cost

Variable cost refers to expenses that fluctuate with the level of output or production activity, such as raw materials and direct labor costs.

Fixed Costs

Fixed costs are expenses that do not change with the level of production or sales activity, such as rent, salaries, or insurance, remaining constant regardless of business operations.

Contribution Margin

The difference between sales revenue and variable costs, showing how much sales contribute to covering fixed costs and generating profit.