The Following Questions Refer to the Excerpt Below

question 13

Multiple Choice

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"For a historical appreciation [of the slave trade],one must turn to the fairly abundant but problematic writing of sixteenth and seventeenth century visitors from Europe,and a few central African texts. Many of the [European] visitors,especially missionaries,were hostile to African religious ideas and practices,which caused,which caused them to misrepresent African religion,but these early observers had the tremendous advantage of witnessing the religions at first hand during the period of the slave trade. Contemporary eyewitness testimony,for all its problems,is still [central to] the historians' craft."
Linda Heywood,Central Africans and Cultural Transformations in the American Diaspora,2002
-As seen in the passage,European attempts to understand African traditions and cultures resulted in which of the following ideas?

• A) Mutual understanding and respect among Europeans and Africans
• B) An uneasy co-existence between Europeans, African slaves, and American Indians
• C) Solidified justifications for the subjugation of Africans
• D) Cultural assimilation emphasizing the equal value of European and African practices

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Definitions:

Oneida Community

A 19th-century utopian community in New York State, known for its unique social, religious, and economic practices, including communal living and complex marriage.

Birth Control

A strategy or method used to prevent pregnancy.

Reproduce Control

The ability or measures taken to regulate or manage the birth rate, including the use of contraception, family planning, and fertility treatments.

John Humphrey Noyes

An American utopian socialist who founded the Oneida Community in the 19th century, known for its radical social and sexual practices.