The Linear Model for Long-Term Trend Is $y = \beta _ { 0 } + \beta _ { 1 } t + \varepsilon$

question 3

Multiple Choice

The linear model for long-term trend is $y = \beta _ { 0 } + \beta _ { 1 } t + \varepsilon$ , where t is the time period. The trend is indicated by:

• A) \(\beta _ { 0 }\) .
• B) \(\beta _ { 1 }\) .
• C) \(y\) .
• D) t .

---

Definitions:

Physical Measures Method

A costing technique that allocates costs based on physical measures such as weight, volume, or hours.

Joint Cost

Costs incurred in the process of producing two or more products simultaneously from the same raw materials or process, where the costs cannot be separately identified.

Relative Sales Value Method

A technique used to allocate joint costs based on the proportionate sales value of each product produced from a common process.

Joint Cost

The costs incurred in the process of producing two or more products simultaneously, where such costs cannot be separately identified with individual products.