The Restaurant Critic on a Newspaper Claims That the Hamburgers $\quad$

question 47

Essay

The restaurant critic on a newspaper claims that the hamburgers one gets at the hamburger chain restaurants are all equally bad, and that people who claim to like one hamburger over others are victims of advertising. In fact, he claims that if there were no differences in appearance, then all hamburgers would be rated equally. To test the critic's assertion, ten teenagers are asked to taste hamburgers from three different fast-food chains. Each hamburger is dressed in the same way (mustard, relish, tomato and pickle) with the same type of bun. The teenagers taste each hamburger and rate it on a 9-point scale with 1 = bad and 9 = excellent. The data are listed below. $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$$\text { Ham burger Ratings }$
$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | } \hline \text { Teenager } & \text { Chain 1 } & \text { Chain 2 } & \text { Chain 3 } \\\hline 1 & 7 & 5 & 6 \\\hline 2 & 5 & 3 & 4 \\\hline 3 & 6 & 4 & 5 \\\hline 4 & 9 & 8 & 8 \\\hline 5 & 4 & 3 & 2 \\\hline 6 & 4 & 5 & 4 \\\hline 7 & 6 & 5 & 5 \\\hline 8 & 5 & 4 & 5 \\\hline 9 & 8 & 7 & 9 \\\hline 10 & 9 & 8 & 7 \\\hline\end{array}$ Can we infer at the 1% significance level that the critic is wrong?

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Definitions:

Substance Intoxication

The physiological reaction to ingested substances, including alcohol and drugs, which can impair mental and physical faculties.

Central Nervous System

The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

Depressant

A substance that reduces the activity of the central nervous system, often used to induce calmness or sleep.

Substance Use Disorder

A state where consuming one or more substances results in significant clinical impairment or distress.