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One of the Problems When Estimating the Size of Animal

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One of the problems when estimating the size of animal populations from aerial surveys is that animals may bunch together, making it difficult to distinguish and count them accurately. For example, a horse standing alone is easy to spot; if seven horses huddled close together some may be missed, resulting in an undercount. The relative frequency of undercounts is typically reported as a percent. For example, if there are 10 horses in a group, a person in the plane may typically count fewer than 10 horses 20% of the time. In a recent study, the percent of sightings that resulted in an undercount was related to the size of the "group" of horses and donkeys; the following data were gathered: One of the problems when estimating the size of animal populations from aerial surveys is that animals may bunch together, making it difficult to distinguish and count them accurately. For example, a horse standing alone is easy to spot; if seven horses huddled close together some may be missed, resulting in an undercount. The relative frequency of undercounts is typically reported as a percent. For example, if there are 10 horses in a group, a person in the plane may typically count fewer than 10 horses 20% of the time. In a recent study, the percent of sightings that resulted in an undercount was related to the size of the group of horses and donkeys; the following data were gathered: After fitting a straight line model, , significant curvature was detected in the residual plot, and two nonlinear models were chosen for further analysis, the exponential and the power models. The computer output for these models is given below, and the residual plots follow. Residual Plots a) For the exponential model, calculate the predicted log (%undercount) for a group size = 10. b) Use your calculations from part (a) to predict the %undercount for a group size = 10. c) Generally speaking, which of the two models, power or exponential, is better at predicting the log (Percent Undercount)? Provide statistical justification for your choice. After fitting a straight line model, One of the problems when estimating the size of animal populations from aerial surveys is that animals may bunch together, making it difficult to distinguish and count them accurately. For example, a horse standing alone is easy to spot; if seven horses huddled close together some may be missed, resulting in an undercount. The relative frequency of undercounts is typically reported as a percent. For example, if there are 10 horses in a group, a person in the plane may typically count fewer than 10 horses 20% of the time. In a recent study, the percent of sightings that resulted in an undercount was related to the size of the group of horses and donkeys; the following data were gathered: After fitting a straight line model, , significant curvature was detected in the residual plot, and two nonlinear models were chosen for further analysis, the exponential and the power models. The computer output for these models is given below, and the residual plots follow. Residual Plots a) For the exponential model, calculate the predicted log (%undercount) for a group size = 10. b) Use your calculations from part (a) to predict the %undercount for a group size = 10. c) Generally speaking, which of the two models, power or exponential, is better at predicting the log (Percent Undercount)? Provide statistical justification for your choice. , significant curvature was detected in the residual plot, and two nonlinear models were chosen for further analysis, the exponential and the power models. The computer output for these models is given below, and the residual plots follow. One of the problems when estimating the size of animal populations from aerial surveys is that animals may bunch together, making it difficult to distinguish and count them accurately. For example, a horse standing alone is easy to spot; if seven horses huddled close together some may be missed, resulting in an undercount. The relative frequency of undercounts is typically reported as a percent. For example, if there are 10 horses in a group, a person in the plane may typically count fewer than 10 horses 20% of the time. In a recent study, the percent of sightings that resulted in an undercount was related to the size of the group of horses and donkeys; the following data were gathered: After fitting a straight line model, , significant curvature was detected in the residual plot, and two nonlinear models were chosen for further analysis, the exponential and the power models. The computer output for these models is given below, and the residual plots follow. Residual Plots a) For the exponential model, calculate the predicted log (%undercount) for a group size = 10. b) Use your calculations from part (a) to predict the %undercount for a group size = 10. c) Generally speaking, which of the two models, power or exponential, is better at predicting the log (Percent Undercount)? Provide statistical justification for your choice. Residual Plots One of the problems when estimating the size of animal populations from aerial surveys is that animals may bunch together, making it difficult to distinguish and count them accurately. For example, a horse standing alone is easy to spot; if seven horses huddled close together some may be missed, resulting in an undercount. The relative frequency of undercounts is typically reported as a percent. For example, if there are 10 horses in a group, a person in the plane may typically count fewer than 10 horses 20% of the time. In a recent study, the percent of sightings that resulted in an undercount was related to the size of the group of horses and donkeys; the following data were gathered: After fitting a straight line model, , significant curvature was detected in the residual plot, and two nonlinear models were chosen for further analysis, the exponential and the power models. The computer output for these models is given below, and the residual plots follow. Residual Plots a) For the exponential model, calculate the predicted log (%undercount) for a group size = 10. b) Use your calculations from part (a) to predict the %undercount for a group size = 10. c) Generally speaking, which of the two models, power or exponential, is better at predicting the log (Percent Undercount)? Provide statistical justification for your choice. One of the problems when estimating the size of animal populations from aerial surveys is that animals may bunch together, making it difficult to distinguish and count them accurately. For example, a horse standing alone is easy to spot; if seven horses huddled close together some may be missed, resulting in an undercount. The relative frequency of undercounts is typically reported as a percent. For example, if there are 10 horses in a group, a person in the plane may typically count fewer than 10 horses 20% of the time. In a recent study, the percent of sightings that resulted in an undercount was related to the size of the group of horses and donkeys; the following data were gathered: After fitting a straight line model, , significant curvature was detected in the residual plot, and two nonlinear models were chosen for further analysis, the exponential and the power models. The computer output for these models is given below, and the residual plots follow. Residual Plots a) For the exponential model, calculate the predicted log (%undercount) for a group size = 10. b) Use your calculations from part (a) to predict the %undercount for a group size = 10. c) Generally speaking, which of the two models, power or exponential, is better at predicting the log (Percent Undercount)? Provide statistical justification for your choice. One of the problems when estimating the size of animal populations from aerial surveys is that animals may bunch together, making it difficult to distinguish and count them accurately. For example, a horse standing alone is easy to spot; if seven horses huddled close together some may be missed, resulting in an undercount. The relative frequency of undercounts is typically reported as a percent. For example, if there are 10 horses in a group, a person in the plane may typically count fewer than 10 horses 20% of the time. In a recent study, the percent of sightings that resulted in an undercount was related to the size of the group of horses and donkeys; the following data were gathered: After fitting a straight line model, , significant curvature was detected in the residual plot, and two nonlinear models were chosen for further analysis, the exponential and the power models. The computer output for these models is given below, and the residual plots follow. Residual Plots a) For the exponential model, calculate the predicted log (%undercount) for a group size = 10. b) Use your calculations from part (a) to predict the %undercount for a group size = 10. c) Generally speaking, which of the two models, power or exponential, is better at predicting the log (Percent Undercount)? Provide statistical justification for your choice. One of the problems when estimating the size of animal populations from aerial surveys is that animals may bunch together, making it difficult to distinguish and count them accurately. For example, a horse standing alone is easy to spot; if seven horses huddled close together some may be missed, resulting in an undercount. The relative frequency of undercounts is typically reported as a percent. For example, if there are 10 horses in a group, a person in the plane may typically count fewer than 10 horses 20% of the time. In a recent study, the percent of sightings that resulted in an undercount was related to the size of the group of horses and donkeys; the following data were gathered: After fitting a straight line model, , significant curvature was detected in the residual plot, and two nonlinear models were chosen for further analysis, the exponential and the power models. The computer output for these models is given below, and the residual plots follow. Residual Plots a) For the exponential model, calculate the predicted log (%undercount) for a group size = 10. b) Use your calculations from part (a) to predict the %undercount for a group size = 10. c) Generally speaking, which of the two models, power or exponential, is better at predicting the log (Percent Undercount)? Provide statistical justification for your choice.
a) For the exponential model, calculate the predicted log (%undercount) for a group size = 10.
b) Use your calculations from part (a) to predict the %undercount for a group size = 10.
c) Generally speaking, which of the two models, power or exponential, is better at predicting the log (Percent Undercount)? Provide statistical justification for your choice.

Definitions:

Depreciation

The systematic reduction of the recorded cost of a fixed asset over its useful life to reflect wear and tear or obsolescence.

Operating Cash Flow

The cash generated from normal operating activities of a business, reflecting its ability to generate sufficient cash to maintain operations.

Net Income

A company's overall income following the deduction of all expenditures and tax obligations from its total earnings.

Opportunity Costs

The loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one particular option is chosen over them.

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