Use the Data Given Below to Answer the Following Question(s) $z=\frac{\hat{p}-\pi_{0}}{\pi\left(1-\pi_{0}\right) / n}$

question 12

Multiple Choice

Use the data given below to answer the following question(s) .
In a lower one-tailed hypothesis test, chosen level of significance = 0.10, sample size = 55, and t- test statistic = -1.76.
-Which of the following computes the test statistic for a one-sample test for proportions?

• A) \( z=\frac{\hat{p}-\pi_{0}}{\pi\left(1-\pi_{0}\right) / n} \)
• B) \( z=\frac{\hat{p}-\pi_{0}}{\pi / n} \)
• C) \( z=\frac{\hat{p}-\pi_{0}}{\sqrt{\pi\left(1-\pi_{0}\right) / n}} \)
• D) \( z=\frac{\hat{p}-\pi_{0}}{\sqrt{\pi\left(1-\pi_{0}\right)^{2} / n}} \)

---

Definitions:

Substitution Effect

The economic understanding that as prices rise or income decreases, consumers will replace more expensive items with less costly alternatives.

Income Effect

The change in an individual's or economy's purchasing power due to a change in income, affecting the quantity of goods and services bought.

Marginal Revenue Product

The additional revenue generated from employing one more unit of a resource.

Dual Labor Market Theory

An economic theory that suggests the labor market is divided into two segments: the primary market, with secure, well-paid jobs, and the secondary market, characterized by low pay, job insecurity, and little room for advancement.