In a Population of Lemmings, a Sudden Freeze That Caused

question 1

Multiple Choice

In a population of lemmings, a sudden freeze that caused many of the lemmings to die is an example of a

• A) nonliving and density- dependent factor.
• B) nonliving and density- independent factor.
• C) living and density- dependent factor.
• D) normal boom- and- bust cycle.
• E) living and density- independent factor.

---

Definitions:

Supplemental Food

Additional food provided to wildlife or domestic animals beyond what they find or produce in their natural environments.

Evolved Function

The current role or activity that a particular trait or behavior serves in an organism, shaped by natural selection.

Causal Question

An inquiry that aims to determine the cause-and-effect relationship between variables or events.

Song Production

The creation and vocal execution of songs by an animal, often used in the context of birds for mating, territorial defense, or communication.