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SCENARIO 12-8
It Is Believed That GPA (Grade Point Average

question 171

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SCENARIO 12-8
It is believed that GPA (grade point average, based on a four point scale) should have a positive linear relationship with ACT scores.Given below is the Excel output for predicting GPA using ACT scores based a data set of 8 randomly chosen students from a Big-Ten university.
Regressing GPA on ACT  Regression Statistics  Multiple R 0.7598 R Square 0.5774 Adjusted R Square 0.5069 Standard Error 0.2691 Qbservations 8\begin{array}{l}\begin{array} { l r } \hline { \text { Regression Statistics } } \\\hline \text { Multiple R } & 0.7598 \\\text { R Square } & 0.5774 \\\text { Adjusted R Square } & 0.5069 \\\text { Standard Error } & 0.2691 \\\text { Qbservations } & 8 \\\hline\end{array}\\\end{array}
ANOVA
 df  SS  MS  F  Significance.F  Regression 10.59400.59408.19860.0286 Error 60.43470.0724 Total 71.0287\begin{array}{lrrrcc} \hline & \text { df } & \text { SS } & \text { MS } & \text { F } & \text { Significance.F } \\\hline\text { Regression } & 1 & 0.5940&0.5940&8.1986&0.0286 \\\text { Error } & 6 & 0.4347&0.0724\\\text { Total } & 7 &1.0287\\\hline\end{array}
 Coefficients  Standard Error t Stat P-value  Lower 95%  Upper 95%  Intercept 0.56810.92840.61190.56301.70362.8398 ACT 0.10210.03562.86330.02860.01480.1895\begin{array}{l}\begin{array} { l c r r r r r } \hline & \text { Coefficients } & \text { Standard Error } & t \text { Stat } & P \text {-value } & \text { Lower 95\% } & \text { Upper 95\% } \\\hline \text { Intercept } & 0.5681 & 0.9284 & 0.6119 & 0.5630 & - 1.7036 & 2.8398 \\\text { ACT } & 0.1021 & 0.0356 & 2.8633 & 0.0286 & 0.0148 & 0.1895 \\\hline\end{array}\end{array}
-Referring to Scenario 12-8, the value of the measured test statistic to test whether there is any linear relationship between GPA and ACT is

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Definitions:

Duress

A situation where a person performs an act as a result of violence, threat, or other pressure against the person, raising questions about the voluntariness of the act.

Scienter

In legal contexts, scienter is the knowledge or intent to deceive, defraud, or violate statutes or regulations.

Representations

Statements or assertions made by one party to another, often regarding the condition or status of something, which can impact agreements or contracts.

Innocent Misrepresentation

A misrepresentation made without fault or knowledge of its falsity, which may allow the misled party to void the contract but not claim damages.

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