Use the Wilcoxon Signed -Ranks Test to Test the Claim

question 149

Essay

Use the Wilcoxon signed -ranks test to test the claim that the matched pairs have differences_
that come from a population with a median equal to zero. Eleven runners are timed at the 100-
meter dash and are timed again one month later after following a new training program. The
times (in seconds)are shown in the table. Use Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test and a significance
level of 0.05 to test the claim that the training has no effect on the times. $$\begin{array} { l l l l l l l l l l l l } \text { Before } & 12.1 & 12.4 & 11.7 & 11.5 & 11.0 & 11.8 & 12.3 & 10.8 & 12.6 & 12.7 & 10.7 \\\hline \text { After } & 11.9 & 12.4 & 11.8 & 11.4 & 11.2 & 11.5 & 12.0 & 10.9 & 12.0 & 12.2 & 11.1\end{array}$$

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Definitions:

Change Blindness

A failure to be aware of visual information when one’s attention is directed elsewhere.

Automatic Processing

Automatic processing involves unconscious, effortless mental operations that allow us to perform tasks without deliberate attention to detail.

Controlled Processing

A type of cognitive processing that requires conscious, deliberate thought and attention, often necessary for complex tasks or learning new information.

Altered State

An altered state refers to a condition that is significantly different from the normal waking state, such as those induced by meditation, drugs, or hypnosis.