As Part of a Study at a Large University, Data

question 67

Essay

As part of a study at a large university, data were collected on n = 224 freshmen computer science (CS) majors in a particular year. The researchers were interested in modeling y, a student's grade point average (GPA) after three semesters, as a function of the following independent variables (recorded at the time the students enrolled in the university): $\begin{array}{l}x_{1}=\text { average high school grade in mathematics (HSM) } \\x_{2}=\text { average high school grade in science (HSS) } \\x_{3}=\text { average high school grade in English (HSE) } \\x_{4}=\text { SAT mathematics score (SATM) } \\x_{5}=\text { SAT verbal score (SATV) }\end{array}$

$\text { A first-order model was fit to the data with the following results: }$

$\begin{array}{llllll}\hline \text { SOURCE } & \text { DF } & \text { SS } & \text { MS } & \text { F VALUE } & \text { PROB }>\text { F }\\\\\text { MODEL } & 5 & 28.64 & 5.73 & 11.69 & .0001 \\\text { ERROR } & 218 & 106.82 & 0.49 & \\\text { TOTAL } & 223 & 135.46 & & \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{llll}\text { ROOT MSE } & 0.700 & \text { R-SQUARE } & 0.211 \\\text { DEP MEAN } & 4.635 & \text { ADJ R-SQ } & 0.193\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{lrrrr}&\text { PARAMETER}&\text { STANDARD}&\text { TFOR O: }\\\text { VARIABLE } & \text { ESTIMATE }&\text { ERROR } & \text { PARAMETER }=0 & \text { PROB }>|T|\\\\\text { INTERCEPT } & 2.327 & 0.039 & 5.817 & 0.0001 \\\text { X1 (HSM) } & 0.146 & 0.037 & 3.718 & 0.0003 \\\text { X2 (HSS) } & 0.036 & 0.038 & 0.950 & 0.3432 \\\text { X3 (HSE) } & 0.055 & 0.040 & 1.397 & 0.1637 \\\text { X4 (SATM) } & 0.00094 & 0.00068 & 1.376 & 0.1702 \\\text { X5 (SATV) } & -0.00041 & 0.0059 & -0.689 & 0.4915\\\hline \end{array}$

$\text { Test to determine if the model is adequate for predicting GPA. Use } \alpha=.01 \text {. }$

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Definitions:

Monitoring

The systematic observation, tracking, and evaluation of activities, progress, or performance to ensure objectives are met.

Manager's Organizational Unit

A specific section or department within an organization that is led and overseen by a manager.

Performance Of Subordinates

The level of efficiency and effectiveness demonstrated by employees in achieving their job responsibilities.

External Monitoring

The process of periodically reviewing and assessing the external environment to understand opportunities and threats relevant to an organization's objectives.