Solve the Problem What Percentage of Those That Were Found to Be Lying

question 164

Multiple Choice

Solve the problem.
-The table below shows the result of a polygraph test conducted on 2000 college students. Students were asked whether they had ever cheated on a test. All of them denied having cheated. Use the
Table to answer the question. $$\begin{array} { l | c c c } & \begin{array} { c } \text { Test finds } \\\text { student lying }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Test finds } \\\text { student truthful }\end{array} & \text { Total } \\\hline \text { Has cheated } & 82 & 12 & 94 \\\text { Has not cheated } & 200 & 1706 & 1906 \\\text { Total } & 282 & 1718 & 2000\end{array}$$ What percentage of those that were found to be lying were actually telling the truth?

• A)87.2%
• B)89.5%
• C)12.8%
• D)70.9%

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Definitions:

Appeals to Tradition Fallacy

A logical fallacy that argues something is correct or better simply because it is traditional or has always been done.

Gambler's Fallacy

The erroneous belief that the outcome of a random event is influenced by previous outcomes, such as believing that a string of losses increases the likelihood of an imminent win.

Utilitarian Theory

A philosophical theory stating that the best action is the one that maximizes utility, often defined in terms of the well-being of sentient entities.

Kantian Theory

A philosophical doctrine based on the works of Immanuel Kant, emphasizing the importance of morality, ethics, and duty, guided by reason and categorical imperatives.