Preliminary Data Analyses Indicate That You Can Reasonably Consider the Assumptions

question 1

Essay

Preliminary data analyses indicate that you can reasonably consider the assumptions for using the Mann-Whitney testsatisfied. Assume that the null hypothesis is $\mathrm { H } _ { 0 } : \mu _ { 1 } = \mu _ { 2 }$ . Use the Mann-Whitney test to carry out the requiredhypothesis test.
-A researcher was interested in investigating how much people read in their spare time and, in particular, whether people who own a personal computer read less in their spare time than those who do not own a computer. She selected independent simple random samples of 7 computer owners and 9 noncomputer owners, and she asked each person how many hours he or she had spent reading non-work-related books during the previous week. The results are as follows. $$\begin{array} { r | r } \text { Computer Owners } & \text { Noncomputer Owners } \\ \hline 1.7 & 1.8 \\ 0 & 6.6 \\ 2.6 & 0.3 \\ 0.9 & 0 \\ 6.2 & 0.2 \\ 0 & 2.3 \\ 0.5 & 8.8 \\ & 2.2 \\ & 1.4 \end{array}$$ At the 2.5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the mean weekly reading time for computer owners is lower than the mean weekly reading time for noncomputer owners?

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Definitions:

Evolution

The mechanism through which a range of life forms are considered to have emerged and branched out from previous versions during Earth's historical timeline.

Punctuated Equilibrium

A theory in evolutionary biology which proposes that species evolve rapidly in short bursts, followed by long periods of evolutionary stasis.

Darwin Model

A reference to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, which posits that organisms evolve through a process where individuals with traits better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Evolutionary Forces

Mechanisms that change the genetic structure of populations, including mutation, selection, gene flow, and genetic drift.