English Proficiency Scores Have Been Collected from 46 Students Before

question 11

Short Answer

English proficiency scores have been collected from 46 students before and after completing an English as a Second Language course. The degrees of freedom for our t-test are __________.

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Definitions:

Intemperance

The lack of moderation or restraint, often particularly related to the excessive consumption of alcohol or indulgence in other physical pleasures.

Genuine Enthusiasm

Authentic and sincere excitement or interest in a subject or activity.

Sense of Purpose

The feeling of having a clear focus, goal, or objective that gives meaning to one's actions.

Innate Competency

Innate competency refers to natural abilities or talents that an individual possesses without the need for formal training or education.