Using Only the fiVe Properties Associative Laws, Commutative Laws, Distributive

question 25

Essay

Using only the five properties associative laws, commutative laws, distributive laws, identity laws, and com- plement laws, prove that x + x = x is true in all Boolean algebras.

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Definitions:

Statistics

Calculated numbers that summarize data and relationships among variables in a sample.

Z-score

A numerical measurement that describes a value's relationship to the mean of a group of values, expressed in terms of standard deviations from the mean.

Standard Deviation

A statistical measure that quantifies the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data values.

Mean

A statistical measure representing the average value of a set of numbers, calculated by dividing the sum of all values by the count of values.