To Infer a Causal Relationship, Which of the Following Types

question 54

Multiple Choice

To infer a causal relationship, which of the following types of evidence does a researcher need?

• A)Evidence of a strong association between an action and an outcome.
• B)Evidence that the action preceded the outcome.
• C)Evidence of a high level of internal validity.
• D)Evidence that there are no strongly competing explanations for the relationship between an action and an outcome.
• E)All of these

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Definitions:

Express Condition

A specific condition explicitly stated in a contract that must be fulfilled for the contract's obligations to be performed.

Condition Subsequent

A condition that operates to relieve or discharge one from his obligation under a contract.

Building Code

Regulations that specify the standards for constructed objects such as buildings and nonbuilding structures, ensuring safety, health, and welfare of the occupants.

Excused from Performance

A legal concept where a party is released from fulfilling their obligations under a contract due to unforeseen circumstances that make performance impossible or impracticable.