Your Textbook Described a Classic Experiment by Robert Rescorla That

question 31

Multiple Choice

Your textbook described a classic experiment by Robert Rescorla that involved two groups of rats. One group of ratsheard a tone just before each of 20 shocks. The second group of rats experienced the same 20 tone-shock pairings, but also experienced an additional 20 shocks that were not paired with a tone. How did the two groups differ?

• A)Because they experienced more shocks, the rats in the second group displayed a much stronger fear response to the tone than did the rats in the first group.
• B)As predicted by the basic principles of classical conditioning, there were no differences between the two groups of rats.
• C)The rats in the first group developed learned helplessness, while the rats in the second group did not.
• D)The rats in the first group displayed a much stronger conditioned fear response to the tone than did the rats in the second group.

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Definitions:

Lewis Structure

A diagram showing the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.

Tert-Butyl Alcohol

An organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COH, used as a solvent and in the preparation of other compounds.

Non-Bonding Lone Pairs

Pairs of valence electrons on an atom that are not involved in chemical bonding but influence the molecule's geometry and physical properties.

Covalent Bonds

Chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, contributing to the stability and structure of molecules.