Why Would We Use Counterfactual Reasoning

question 77

Multiple Choice

Why would we use counterfactual reasoning?

• A) to determine the level of correlation between facts
• B) to understand facts that occur in the same context but may not be necessarily linked
• C) to connect events in sequence to identify cause and effect
• D) to test claims for causality by asking what might have happened if one event had not occurred

Differentiate between argument types (e.g., disjunctive syllogism, arguments by elimination).

Understand different moral theories and how they apply to moral reasoning and values.

Describe the stages of moral development according to Lawrence Kohlberg.

Distinguish between the concepts of ethical relativism, cultural relativism, and ethical subjectivism.

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Definitions:

Elaboration Likelihood Model

A theory in psychology that explains how the likelihood of persuasive communication can lead to attitude change through central and peripheral routes of processing.

Peripheral Process

A type of information processing that occurs without deliberate, conscious thought, often based on superficial cues rather than content analysis.

Central Process

The fundamental mechanisms or operations that underlie a complex system or phenomenon.

Heuristics

Simplified decision-making strategies or mental shortcuts that people use to make judgments and solve problems quickly and efficiently.