A Patient Is in the Emergency Department with Unilateral Epistaxis

question 1

Multiple Choice

A patient is in the emergency department with unilateral epistaxis that continues to bleed after 15 minutes of pressure on the anterior septum and application of a topical nasal decongestant. The provider is unable to visualize the site of the bleeding. What is the next measure for this patient?

• A) Chemical cautery
• B) Electrocautery
• C) Nasal packing
• D) Petrolatum ointment

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Definitions:

Pyruvate

A key intermediate compound in the cellular metabolic pathways, formed from the breakdown of glucose through glycolysis.

Lactate

A compound produced during anaerobic metabolism, commonly known as lactic acid when found in the body.

Preparatory Reaction

A phase in cellular respiration occurring in the mitochondria where pyruvate from glycolysis is converted into acetyl-CoA, preparing it for the citric acid cycle.

Oxygen

A chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8, essential for respiration in many living organisms and for combustion.