A Researcher Is Comparing a New and Less Expensive Treatment

question 21

Multiple Choice

A researcher is comparing a new and less expensive treatment with an established treatment, in hopes of showing that there is no difference in outcome. The researcher does not perform a power analysis and, consequently, selects a sample size that is smaller than what would be recommended for an analysis of variance. The results show that there is a significant difference in outcome between the two treatments, and that the new treatment has poorer outcomes. What is the negative result of the researcher's decision to use a smaller sample?

• A)The statistical conclusions reached are incorrect.
• B)There is no negative result.
• C)The study will have to be replicated, because its sample was small.
• D)The researcher is guilty of misconduct.

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Definitions:

Male Condom

A contraceptive device made of latex, polyisoprene, or polyurethane worn over the penis to prevent semen from entering the partner's body.

Preventing Pregnancy

Strategies or methods used to avoid conception or childbirth, including contraception and abstinence.

Female Reproductive Organs

The internal and external structures in females that are involved in the process of reproduction, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva.

Function

The specific role or activity of an organ, organism, or structure within a system.