Explain Why HIV Becomes Resistant So Quickly When a Single

question 79

Multiple Choice

Explain why HIV becomes resistant so quickly when a single drug is used therapeutically.

• A) The virus is an RNA genome virus. By using host RNA polymerase to directly copy the genome to make more virus particles, there's no proofreading capability. This leads to a high rate of mutation of the viral genome and increased chance for drug resistance.
• B) HIV uses reverse transcriptase to make a cDNA version of its RNA genome. This polymerase is "'sloppy," with a high rate of error and lack of a proofreading capability. This leads to a high rate of mutation of the viral genome and increased chance for drug resistance.
• C) HIV synthesizes a protein enzyme that directly cleaves anti-HIV drugs, giving it a characteristically high rate of resistance to a single drug type.
• D) HIV is constantly changing its genetic structure by swapping genetic elements with other virus strains. This leads to a high rate of mutation of the viral genome and increased chance for drug resistance.
• E) Like bacteria, HIV undergoes spontaneous mutation in the presence of antibiotics, so multiple medications are used simultaneously to reduce the chance of this happening.

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Definitions:

Year 1

Often refers to the first year of operations for a business or the first year in a multi-year financial analysis.

Beginning Inventory

The value of inventory on hand at the start of an accounting period, used in calculating cost of goods sold.

Cost of Goods Sold

Direct financial expenditures related to the generation of a company’s saleable products, covering labor and materials.

Periodic Method

An inventory accounting method where updates to the inventory records are made periodically, typically at the end of the accounting period.