Why Might It Be More Difficult to Prepare a Vaccine

question 14

Multiple Choice

Why might it be more difficult to prepare a vaccine against noroviruses than against rotaviruses?

• A) We haven't been able to culture noroviruses in a lab setting yet. Without a starting culture, we can't create a vaccine.
• B) Noroviruses are RNA viruses, where rotaviruses are DNA viruses. RNA viruses mutate far more easily than DNA viruses, so we COULD make a vaccine, but it would be rendered useless fairly quickly as the virus mutates.
• C) We lack a proper culturing method for large-scale production of target cells for norovirus, whereas we have such a system for the target cells of rotaviruses. Without a system to get large numbers of target cells, we can't produce a vaccine.
• D) Norovirus is much more infectious than rotavirus. As such, it's much harder to work with safety. This makes production of a vaccine too dangerous and unpredictable.
• E) This question is misleading. It has been relatively simple to create vaccines against both of these virus types.

Apply knowledge of trade theory to evaluate national policy decisions.

Understand how taxes affect market equilibrium, including changes in consumer surplus, producer surplus, and government revenue.

Understand the concept of deadweight loss and how taxes contribute to it.

Analyze the impact of taxes on market size and participant behavior.

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Definitions:

Free Market

An economic system where prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses.

Housing

The physical dwellings or accommodations in which people reside, including various forms such as apartments, houses, and other residential structures.

Landlord Behavior

Landlord behavior pertains to the actions and decisions made by a property owner renting out property to tenants.

Binding Price Floor

A government-imposed minimum price set above the equilibrium price, leading to excess supply and potential market inefficiencies.