Consider the Following Sequential Game

question 3

Multiple Choice

Consider the following sequential game.Wally first chooses L or H.Having observed Wally's choice, Elizabeth chooses between A and F.The payoffs are as follows.If Wally chose L and Elizabeth chose A, the payoffs are 30 to Wally and 20 to Elizabeth.If Wally chose L and Elizabeth F, the payoffs are 40 to Wally and 10 and to Elizabeth.If Wally decides to opt for H and Elizabeth A, the payoffs are 10 and 2 to Wally and Elizabeth, respectively.Finally, if Wally opts for H and Elizabeth F, the payoffs are 35 to Wally and 5 to Elizabeth.What is the outcome in the subgame perfect equilibrium of this game?

• A)(L, F)
• B)(H, A)
• C)(H, F) and (L, F)
• D)(L, A) and (H, F)
• E)(H, F)

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Definitions:

Generalized Conditioned Reinforcer

A type of reinforcer that has become reinforcing through its association with one or more other reinforcers, often used in operant conditioning.

Primary Reinforcers

Innate reinforcing qualities such as food, water, and relief from pain, which fulfill basic biological needs and do not require learning to be effective.

Unlearned Reinforcer

An unlearned reinforcer, also known as a primary reinforcer, is a stimulus that naturally and intrinsically provides reinforcement or a favorable outcome without the need for learning.

Primary Reinforcer

A primary reinforcer is a stimulus that satisfies basic survival needs without prior learning; examples include food, water, and shelter.