Robert Carneiro (1970) Put Forth an Influential Theory That Incorporates

question 1

Multiple Choice

Robert Carneiro (1970) put forth an influential theory that incorporates three factors working together instead of a single cause for state formation. These three factors are

• A) a strong central leadership, a uniting vision as a people, and food shortages.
• B) environmental circumscription or resource concentration, increasing population, and warfare.
• C) regional trade networks, food scarcity, and warfare.
• D) intensive food production, population pressures, and large hydraulic works.
• E) warfare, environmental circumscription, and the advent of an early writing system.

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Definitions:

Debt-to-Equity Ratio

A measure of a company's financial leverage indicating the proportion of company financing from debt compared to equity.

Balance Sheet

A Balance Sheet is a financial statement that summarizes a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time.

Corporation

A legal entity owned by shareholders, offering limited liability and existing independently of its owners.

Times Interest Earned

A financial metric indicating how many times a company's operating income can cover its interest expense, used to assess financial stability.