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The models of perfect competition and monopoly are the most realistic.
Variable Costs
Costs that vary directly with the level of production or sales volume, such as raw materials and direct labor costs.
Contribution Margin
The amount by which sales revenue exceeds variable costs of production, indicating how much contributes to fixed costs and profits.
Marginal Cost
The cost incurred by producing one additional unit of a product or service, important for pricing and production decision-making.
Contribution Margin
The amount by which a product's sales revenue exceeds its variable costs, used to cover fixed costs and towards profit.
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