Which of the Following Statements Is NOT True

question 20

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

• A) Considerable progress has been made in identifying traits and skills relevant for managerial effectiveness and advancement.
• B) Most trait studies are guided by a theory that explains how traits are related to managerial effectiveness and advancement.
• C) It is difficult to interpret the relevance of abstract traits except by examining how they are expressed in the actual behavior of leaders and the effects of leader decisions and actions.
• D) Few trait studies include mediating processes to explain why leadership traits and skills are relevant for predicting effectiveness in the current position or career success.

---

Definitions:

Politicians

Individuals who are actively involved in the governance and decision-making processes of a country or community, often holding a public office.

Cross-cultural study

Research that compares cultural groups on some psychological variable of interest to understand cultural influences on human behavior and attitudes.

Mortality

The incidence or frequency of death within a population over a specified period.

Anthropologists

Scientists who study human behavior, cultures, societies, and biological characteristics across time and space.