TABLE 12-13 In This Era of Tough Economic Conditions, Voters Increasingly Ask

question 106

Short Answer

TABLE 12-13
In this era of tough economic conditions, voters increasingly ask the question: "Is the educational achievement level of students dependent on the amount of money the state in which they reside spends on education?" The partial computer output below is the result of using spending per student ($) as the independent variable and composite score, which is the sum of the math, science, and reading scores, as the dependent variable on 35 states that participated in a study. The table includes only partial results.

-Referring to Table 12-13, the value of the F test on whether spending per student affects composite score is ________.

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Definitions:

Existential Counseling Theory

A psychotherapeutic approach emphasizing human conditions such as self-awareness, freedom, responsibility, meaning, and anxiety.

Outcomes Research

A field of study focused on understanding the end results of particular health care practices and interventions, aiming to provide evidence on the effectiveness and efficiency of health care.

Existentialism

A philosophy that emphasizes individual existence, freedom, and choice, arguing that humans define their own meaning in life through their actions and decisions.

Counseling Orientation

The philosophical approach or framework that guides a counselor's methods and interaction with clients.