In General, People Do Not Like to Suffer, Work Hard

question 54

Multiple Choice

In general, people do not like to suffer, work hard, or make sacrifices.If and when they do these things, they want to feel that their efforts were worthwhile.Thus, even when people's efforts do not actually seem to have paid off, people will nonetheless try to convince themselves that they suffered for a good reason.This tendency is known as ____.

• A)effort justification
• B)attitude polarisation
• C)a self-fulfilling prophecy
• D)the false consensus effect

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Definitions:

Positive Reinforcement

The process of encouraging or increasing a behavior by following it with a positive stimulus.

Regressive Coping

A defense mechanism where an individual responds to stress by reverting to behaviors typical of an earlier stage of development.

Punishment

A consequence given in response to an unwanted behavior, intended to decrease the likelihood of that behavior occurring again.

Contingency

A future event or circumstance that is possible but cannot be predicted with certainty, often requiring planning for various outcomes.