Early Humans Were Similar in Shape to Most Modern Large

question 9

Essay

Early humans were similar in shape to most modern large primates. The data below
are average male hind limb and forelimb lengths for different species of early
hominids (humans and their ancestors.) $$\begin{array}{l}\text { Hind limb and Forelimb lengths }\\\begin{array} { | c | c | } \hline \begin{array} { c } \text { Hind limb } \\\text { Length (mm) }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Forelimb } \\\text { Length } ( \mathbf { m m } )\end{array} \\\hline 471 & 458 \\361 & 514 \\399 & 581 \\557 & 739 \\553 & 553 \\574 & 614 \\857 & 595 \\698 & 762 \\\hline\end{array}\end{array}$$ a) What is the value of the correlation coefficient for these data? b) What is the equation of the least squares line describing the relationship between $x =$ hind limb length and $y =$ forelimb length. c) Suppose these species are representative of all species of early human ancestors.
If a new homonin species dating from about the same time were to be discovered
with an average hind limb length of 500 mm, what would you predict to be the
average forelimb length of this species?

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Definitions:

Radial Pulse

The pulse felt at the wrist on the side of the thumb, indicative of heart rate and rhythm.

Doppler Device

A medical device that employs Doppler ultrasound technology to produce images and sounds of blood flow or movement within the body.

Auscultate

The act of listening to the sounds made by internal organs, typically with a stethoscope, for medical diagnosis.

Stethoscope Diaphragm

The flat, circular part of a stethoscope used for listening to high-frequency sounds in the body, such as heart and lung sounds.