When Subjects Act Differently Because They Are Aware That They

question 57

Multiple Choice

When subjects act differently because they are aware that they are in an experiment, it is called the:

• A) history effect.
• B) Hawthorne effect.
• C) maturation effect.
• D) cohort effect.

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Definitions:

Self-discrepancy Theory

A theory suggesting that psychological distress and emotional discomfort arise from discrepancies between one's actual self, ideal self, and ought self.

Self-discrepancies

Refers to the differences between individuals' perceptions of their actual self and their ideal or ought selves, which can influence their emotional state and self-esteem.

Declarative Selves

Aspects of an individual's self-concept that are consciously acknowledged and can be verbally communicated to others.

Procedural Selves

Conceptual frameworks relating to the aspect of self that is concerned with the processes of self-regulation and goal achievement.