Although Participant Observation Is a Primary Method Used in Ethnographic

question 20

Essay

Although participant observation is a primary method used in ethnographic research,it has both advantages and disadvantages.Discuss and evaluate these.

Recognize the processes involved in extinction within operant conditioning.

Understand the differences and applications of punishment and negative punishment.

Comprehend the process and significance of shaping in operant conditioning.

Distinguish between the roles of discriminative stimuli in operant conditioning.

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Definitions:

Competitive Forces

The external factors that affect a company's capability to compete in a market, including competitors, new entrants, substitute products, bargaining power of buyers, and suppliers.

Future Changes

Anticipated modifications or developments in a particular area or field over an upcoming period.

Standards of the Industry

Refers to the commonly accepted criteria, techniques, and practices that are used in a specific sector or industry.

M'Naghten Standard

A legal principle used to evaluate the criminal liability of a defendant based on the understanding of right and wrong at the time of the crime.