Phase Variation Helps Protect the Bacterium Salmonella Typhimurium Against the Immune

question 2

Multiple Choice

Phase variation helps protect the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium against the immune system of its host by switching the orientation of a certain promoter. This process …

• A) is carried out through a DNA transposition mechanism.
• B) is irreversible.
• C) can often result in the excision of the promoter from the chromosome altogether.
• D) is mediated by enzymes that form transient covalent bonds with the DNA.

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Definitions:

Cumulative Preferred Stock

Cumulative Preferred Stock is a type of preferred stock where dividends accumulate if not paid in a given year, prioritizing these dividends over common stock dividends in future payments.

Annual Dividend

The total dividend payment a company distributes to its shareholders for a year, often quoted on a per-share basis.

Par Value

The nominal or face value of a bond, share of stock, or other financial instrument, as stated by the issuing company.

Common Stock

Common stock refers to shares of ownership in a corporation, giving holders voting rights and a share in the company's profits via dividends.