Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Is Used in an Experiment to Unfold

question 3

Short Answer

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used in an experiment to unfold a multidomain protein by applying mechanical force. The protein contains several copies of an immunoglobulin domain that are unfolded one by one as the two ends of the molecule (one attached to a cover slip, and the other to the AFM tip) are being pulled apart, resulting in the "sawtooth" force-extension curves shown below. The same experiment is done twice, once in the presence and once in the absence of a chaperone protein that stabilizes the immunoglobulin domains. Answer the following questions based on this graph.

-According to the force-extension graph, how many immunoglobulin domains are unfolded in each of these experiments? Write down the number as your answer, e.g. 9.

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Definitions:

Germany

A country in Central Europe, known for its influential history in science, arts, and the pivotal roles it played in both World War I and World War II.

Italy

A European country located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, known for its rich history, art, culture, cuisine, and contributions to science and literature.

Edmund Blunden

Edmund Blunden was an English poet, author, and critic, best known for his poetry that detailed his experiences in World War I and the English countryside.

World War I

A global conflict mainly involving European powers that lasted from 1914 to 1918, also known as the Great War, marked by trench warfare and the extensive use of chemical weapons.