The Free-Energy Change of ATP Hydrolysis to ADP Inside the Cell

question 39

Multiple Choice

The free-energy change of ATP hydrolysis to ADP inside the cell is about -50 kJ/mole. The standard free-energy change for the same reaction is about -30 kJ/mole. This necessitates that [ATP] inside the cell be …

• A) higher than that under standard conditions.
• B) greater than [ADP].
• C) greater than [ADP] × [Pᵢ]
• D) greater than [ADP] × [Pᵢ] × Kₑq
• E) greater than [ADP] × [Pᵢ] / Kₑq

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Definitions:

Sensorimotor Thought

A stage in cognitive development, according to Piaget, where infants interact with their environment through physical actions like sucking, grasping, and looking.

Tertiary Circular Reactions

describe a stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development where infants (12-18 months) experiment with new behaviors to see the outcomes, demonstrating an early form of problem-solving.

Primary Circular Reactions

Early infantile behaviors that are repetitive and centered around the body, forming the basis for the development of more complex skills.

Simple Reflexes

Basic, involuntary motor responses to specific stimuli, evident in human behavior from an early age.