Cactus Is a Maternal-Effect Gene Coding for an Inhibitory Protein

question 11

Multiple Choice

Cactus is a maternal-effect gene coding for an inhibitory protein in the Drosophila Toll signaling pathway that binds to Dorsal in the cytosol and keeps it from nuclear entry. Would you expect maternal loss-of-function mutations in Cactus to give rise to dorsalized or ventralized embryos? What about loss-of-function mutations in Decapentaplegic (Dpp) ?

• A) Dorsalized; dorsalized
• B) Dorsalized; ventralized
• C) Ventralized; dorsalized
• D) Ventralized; ventralized

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Definitions:

Type II Error

A statistical error that occurs when a hypothesis test fails to reject a false null hypothesis, also known as a "false negative."

Standard Deviation

A measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data from its mean value.

Process Distribution Mean

The average value or central tendency of a distribution for a process' outcomes over a period of time.

Common Variation

Variability in data that is shared among all observations or variables being studied.