Why Might Adjustment for Age Affect the Magnitude of the Association

question 10

Multiple Choice

Why might adjustment for age affect the magnitude of the association between comorbidities and ovarian cancer?

• A)Because women with ovarian cancer are likely to have other comorbidities as well.
• B)Because older women have more comorbidities.
• C)Because older women are at greater risk of dying.
• D)Because older women have more comorbidities and are also at greater risk of dying.
• E)Age is not a confounder of the association between comorbidities and ovarian cancer.

Distinguish between one-sample and two-sample chi-square tests.

Recognize the differences between parametric and nonparametric statistics.

Formulate null and alternative hypotheses for chi-square tests.

Interpret the results of chi-square tests and other nonparametric tests.

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Definitions:

Collectivist Cultures

Societies that prioritize the needs and goals of the group over the desires and interests of individual members.

Interdependent

The condition of being mutually reliant on each other, where the actions of one party significantly affect the other.

Adaptive

The ability or quality of being able to adjust or change in response to new conditions or environments.

Situation-Trait Debate

A discussion in psychology that investigates whether human behavior is more influenced by situational factors or by enduring personality traits.