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In trying to construct a model to estimate grades on a statistics test, a professor wanted to include, among other factors, whether the person had taken the course previously.To do this, the professor included a dummy variable in her regression model that was equal to 1 if the person had previously taken the course, and 0 otherwise.The interpretation of the coefficient associated with this dummy variable would be the mean amount the repeat students tended to be above or below non-repeaters, with all other factors the same.
Second-order Conditioning
A form of learning where a stimulus that initially had no significance becomes conditioned as a result of being paired with another stimulus that already induces a conditioned response.
Contiguous
Contiguous means sharing a common border or being in direct contact with something, indicating physical proximity or adjacency.
Co-occurred
A term indicating events or phenomena that happen simultaneously or in conjunction with each other.
Contingent
Depending on something else in the future to happen, often used to describe conditions or stipulations.
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