Imagine That a Researcher Publishes the Results from a Study

question 62

Multiple Choice

Imagine that a researcher publishes the results from a study that indicate a statistically significant association between sleep deprivation and coronary disease. This result would mean that

• A)sleep deprivation causes coronary disease.
• B)coronary disease causes sleep deprivation.
• C)the effect of sleep deprivation on coronary disease is larger than the effect of any other factor.
• D)the findings are not likely to be due to chance fluctuations.

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Definitions:

Income Equality

Income equality refers to a situation where earnings are distributed evenly across the population, minimizing disparities between the richest and poorest individuals.

Efficiency

The optimal use of resources to achieve the desired output with minimal waste or effort.

Negative Income Tax

A welfare system in which individuals earning below a certain income threshold receive supplemental pay from the government instead of paying taxes.

Labor Earnings

Income received by workers for their labor, including wages, salaries, bonuses, and other compensation.